Iterative methods that can be expressed in the simple form
(where neither 
nor 
depend upon the iteration count 
) are
called stationary iterative methods.
In this section, we present the four main stationary iterative
methods: the Jacobi method, the Gauss-Seidel method, the Successive
Overrelaxation
(SOR) method and
the Symmetric Successive Overrelaxation
(SSOR) method.
In each case,
we summarize their convergence behavior and their effectiveness, and
discuss how and when they should be used. Finally,
in §
, we give some historical background and
further notes and references.
